The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel conducted a comprehensive re-evaluation of fossil-derived and synthetic waxes used in cosmetic formulations, including Ceresin, Emulsifying Wax NF, Microcrystalline Wax, Montan Wax, Ozokerite, Paraffin, Synthetic Beeswax, and Synthetic Wax. These ingredients function primarily as binders, viscosity-increasing agents, emulsion stabilizers, and skin-conditioning agents across a wide range of personal care products such as lipsticks, creams, lotions, and hair preparations.
The updated safety assessment reviewed historical data, newly available toxicological studies, and current industry usage patterns. The Panel examined dermal toxicity, irritation, sensitization, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and potential systemic exposure. While certain animal studies reported granuloma formation following high-dose or injection exposure, these findings were considered not relevant to cosmetic use conditions, which involve topical application at significantly lower concentrations. The assessment also evaluated incidental inhalation risks from spray products and determined that typical exposure levels do not raise safety concerns, although limited data exist for airbrush applications.
Based on the totality of evidence, the CIR Panel reaffirmed that these fossil and synthetic waxes are safe for use in cosmetics under current conditions of use and concentration.